Joint Ventures · 13 CFR § 125.9

SBA Mentor-Protégé Joint Venture

Also known as: Mentor-protégé JV, MPP joint venture, all-small mentor-protégé

What you do here: As the protégé, JV with your approved mentor and prime the set-aside as the small partner

At a Glance

Who it's for
A small (often SDVOSB) protégé with an SBA-approved mentor
What it does
Lets a large mentor + small protégé bid a small-business/SDVOSB set-aside together
Governing authority
13 CFR § 125.9 (mentor-protégé) with § 128.402 / § 125.8 JV rules
Size / affiliation effect
The approved MPP JV is exempt from affiliation — the mentor's size doesn't count
Precondition
SBA must approve the mentor-protégé agreement before you rely on the exemption

What It Is

The SBA Mentor-Protégé Program (13 CFR § 125.9) lets an experienced firm (the mentor, which may be large) provide business development assistance to a small business (the protégé). Its most powerful feature is the joint-venture exemption: once the SBA approves the mentor-protégé agreement, the mentor and protégé can form a joint venture that competes for and performs set-asides reserved for the protégé's size and status — and the JV is treated as small even though the mentor is large, because the approved relationship is exempt from affiliation. To use this for an SDVOSB set-aside, the protégé must be a certified SDVOSB, and the JV must still satisfy the SDVOSB joint-venture rules in 13 CFR § 128.402: the protégé (SDVOSB) is the managing venturer, owns at least 51%, provides the responsible manager, performs at least 40% of the JV's work, and receives at least 40% of the profits, and the JV as a whole meets the limitations on subcontracting. The affiliation exemption is what makes the arrangement special — but it does not relax the JV ownership, work, and profit rules.

When You Use It

  • When an SDVOSB protégé needs a large partner's capacity, bonding, or past performance to win a bigger set-aside.
  • When a small firm wants a formal, SBA-blessed path to grow through a specific larger mentor.
  • When the protégé wants the affiliation exemption so the mentor's size doesn't disqualify the team.
  • As a stronger alternative to a plain teaming agreement when the partner is large and would otherwise affiliate.

Key Features

FeatureWhat It Means
Affiliation exemptionAn SBA-approved mentor-protégé JV is not affiliated based on the relationship — the JV qualifies as small even though the mentor is large.
SBA approval firstThe exemption only applies once the SBA has approved the mentor-protégé agreement; you cannot rely on it retroactively or informally.
Protégé still runs the JVFor an SDVOSB set-aside the protégé must be the SDVOSB managing venturer, own ≥51%, perform ≥40% of the JV's work, and receive ≥40% of profits — the § 128.402 rules still apply.
One mentor, limited protégésA firm may generally be a protégé of one mentor at a time (with narrow exceptions), and mentors are limited in how many protégés they can have.
Real development, not just a JVThe mentor must actually provide the assistance in the approved agreement (management, technical, financial, contracting help) — the program isn't only a bidding vehicle.

The SDVOSB Angle

The mentor-protégé JV is the single most powerful growth tool available to an SDVOSB, because it is the only clean way to team with a *large* firm on a set-aside without being affiliated out of eligibility. But the exemption is narrow: it protects you from affiliation, not from the joint-venture rules. The SDVOSB protégé still has to own 51%, manage the venture, perform 40% of the work, and take 40% of the profit — and the JV still has to meet the limitations on subcontracting. Get the mentor-protégé agreement approved by the SBA *before* you bid, and make the protégé's control and work share real, not paper.

How to Set It Up

  1. Apply to and get SBA approval of the mentor-protégé agreement before relying on the affiliation exemption.
  2. Confirm the protégé is a certified SDVOSB and small under the target NAICS size standard.
  3. Draft a JV agreement that meets 13 CFR § 128.402 — protégé as managing venturer, ≥51% ownership, ≥40% work and profit.
  4. Plan the work so the JV meets the limitations on subcontracting with the venturers measured together.
  5. Document the mentor's actual developmental assistance, not just the bidding arrangement.

Watch Out For

  • No SBA-approved agreement means no affiliation exemption — an unapproved "mentor-protégé" JV can be affiliated and lose the award.
  • The exemption doesn't waive the § 128.402 JV rules: the protégé must still control, own 51%, and perform 40% of the work.
  • Letting the large mentor effectively run the JV invites a successful status or ostensible-subcontractor challenge.
  • The relationship has duration and renewal limits — the JV isn't a permanent vehicle, and the protégé must eventually stand on its own.

Run the Numbers

Set-Aside Eligibility CheckerSize Standard Calculator

Frequently Asked

How can a small business joint venture with a large company and still qualify as small?

Through the SBA Mentor-Protégé Program (13 CFR § 125.9). Once the SBA approves a mentor-protégé agreement, the small protégé and its (possibly large) mentor can form a joint venture that is exempt from affiliation — so the JV qualifies as small, and as SDVOSB if the protégé is a certified SDVOSB, for set-asides reserved for that size and status. Without SBA approval of the relationship, the mentor's size would normally affiliate the venture and disqualify it.

Does the mentor-protégé exemption change the joint-venture ownership and work rules?

No. The exemption only protects the JV from being found affiliated because of the mentor relationship. The SDVOSB joint-venture rules in 13 CFR § 128.402 still fully apply: the SDVOSB protégé must be the managing venturer, own at least 51%, provide the responsible manager, perform at least 40% of the JV's work, and receive at least 40% of profits, and the JV must meet the limitations on subcontracting.

Do I need SBA approval before bidding as a mentor-protégé joint venture?

Yes. The affiliation exemption applies only to an SBA-approved mentor-protégé agreement. You must have the agreement approved before you rely on it to bid — you cannot form the relationship informally and claim the exemption after the fact. Bidding a set-aside as a mentor-protégé JV without an approved agreement risks an affiliation finding and loss of the award.

Primary Sources

Plain-English reference, not legal advice. Teaming, joint-venture, affiliation, and subcontracting rules are fact-specific and the SBA regulations and FAR are amended from time to time — always read the current 13 CFR and FAR text, confirm the requirements with the contracting officer and your SBA resources, and consult qualified counsel before structuring a joint venture, teaming agreement, or subcontract you intend to rely on.

Last updated Update cadence: Quarterly, plus on SBA (13 CFR) or FAR amendment
Change log (1)
  1. LaunchedPublished the federal teaming, joint venture & subcontracting arrangements reference covering how an SDVOSB works with other firms on a set-aside — the prime contractor and subcontractor roles, the FAR Subpart 9.6 contractor team arrangement (teaming agreement), the SDVOSB joint venture (13 CFR § 128.402), the SBA mentor-protégé joint venture (13 CFR § 125.9), the similarly situated entity that counts a sub's work as self-performance (13 CFR § 125.6), the ostensible subcontractor rule (13 CFR § 121.103(h)), general affiliation (13 CFR § 121.103), the small business subcontracting plan (FAR Subpart 19.7 / 52.219-9), and flow-down clauses (FAR 52.212-5 / Subpart 44.2) — each with an at-a-glance quick-facts card, a when-you-use-it list, a key-features table, an SDVOSB-specific angle, a how-to-set-it-up checklist, watch-outs, FAQPage, Article, Dataset, and BreadcrumbList structured data, primary-source citations, and cross-links into the glossary, regulation explainers, how-to guides, set-aside comparisons, FAQ, clauses, forms, and the limitations-on-subcontracting, subcontracting-goal, set-aside eligibility, and size-standard calculators.

Related Teaming Arrangements

The Authorities Explained

13 CFR Part 128Veteran Small Business Certification Program
13 CFR § 125.6Limitations on Subcontracting

Clauses That Apply

FAR 52.219-27Notice of Set-Aside for, or Sole-Source Award to, Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Concerns
FAR 52.219-14Limitations on Subcontracting

Forms You’ll Use

FAR 52.204-8 Reps & CertsAnnual Representations and Certifications (SAM.gov)

Compare the Programs

SDVOSB vs 8(a) Business Development

Put It Into Practice

How to Form a Compliant SDVOSB Joint Venture

Terms Used on This Page

SBA Mentor-Protégé ProgramJoint VentureAffiliationSDVOSBSize Standard

In the FAQ Knowledge Base

What is a federal mentor-protégé program?
What is an approved mentor-protégé joint venture?
Does a mentor-protégé relationship trigger affiliation?
What are the key benefits of an SDVOSB mentor-protégé relationship?
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